Hollow Earth Theory
Before Columbus discovered America, belief in the existence of a New World
across the Atlantic, in the form of a western continent, was considered as
the dream of a madman.
Equally strange, in our own time, is the belief in the existence of a New
World, a Subterranean World, in the hollow interior of the Earth, and
which is as unknown to present humanity as the American continent was to
Europeans prior to its discovery by Columbus. Yet there is no reason why
it, too, may not be discovered and its existence established as a fact.
Arnoldo de Azevedo, in his "Physical Geography," wrote as follows about
the mysterious world below our feet, concerning which scientists know
nothing beyond a few miles in profundity, entertaining only theories,
hypotheses and conjectures to hide their ignorance:
"We have below, our feet an immense region whose radius is 6,290
kilometers, which is completely unknown, challenging the conceit and
competence of scientists."
This statement is absolutely true. Scientists to date have penetrated only
a few miles inside the earth, and what lies further down they know nothing
about, depending only on conjectures, guesses and suppositions. Many of
the commonly accepted theories and beliefs about the Earth's interior do
not rest on any scientific basis, and seem to originate in the old
ecclesiastical idea of hellfire in the center of the Earth, which is so
much like the belief of scientists that the core of the Earth is a mass of
fire and molten metal. Yet the scientific belief rests on no more positive
evidence than the religious one. Both are merely suppositions without an
iota of proof.
The belief in the Earth having a fiery center probably arose from the fact
that the deeper one penetrates into the Earth, the warmer it gets. But it
is a far-fetched assumption to suppose that this increase of temperature
continues until the center of the Earth. There is no evidence to support
this view. It is more probable that the increase of temperature continues
only until we reach the level where volcanic lava and earthquakes
originate, probably due to the existence of much radioactive substances
there. But after we pass through this layer of maximum heat, there is no
reason why it should not get cooler and cooler as we get nearer and nearer
to the Earth's center.
The total surface of the Earth is 197 million square miles and its
estimated weight is six sextillion tons. If the Earth was a solid sphere,
its weight would be much greater. This is one among other scientific
evidences of the fact that the Earth has a hollow interior.
The author believes that the truest conception of the structure of the
Earth is based on the idea that when it was in a molten state during its
formation, centrifugal force caused the heavier substances to be thrown
outward, toward its periphery, in the form of rocks and metals, to form
its outer crust, leaving its interior hollow, with openings at the poles,
where centrifugal force was less and where there was less tendency to
throw materials outward, which was greater at the equator, causing the
bulging of the earth in this region. It has been estimated that as a
result of the Earth's rotation on its axis during its formative state,
polar depressions and openings thus formed would measure about 1,400 miles
in diameter.
Also, we shall present below evidence to indicate that some of the
original fire and incandescent materials remained in the center of the
Earth to form a central sun, much smaller, of course, than our sun, but
capable of emitting light and supporting plant growth. We shall also see
that the Aurora Borealis or streaming lights that illuminate the Arctic
sky at night come from this central sun whose rays shine through the polar
opening.
Thus, if the Earth was originally a ball of fire and molten metal, some of
this fire remained in its center, while centrifugal force as a result of
its rotation on its axis caused its solid matter to be thrown toward the
surface, forming a solid crust and leaving its interior hollow, with a
fiery ball in its center, forming the central sun, which provides
illumination for plant, animal and human life.
The first one to present the theory of the earth being hollow with
openings at its poles was an American thinker, William Reed, author of the
book, "Phantom of the Poles," published in 1906. This book provides the
first compilation of scientific evidence, based on the reports of Arctic
explorers, in support of the theory that the Earth is hollow with openings
at its poles. Reed estimates that the crust of the Earth has a thickness
of 800 miles, while its hollow interior has a diameter of 6,400 miles.
Reed summarizes his revolutionary theory as follows:
"The earth is hollow. The Poles, so long sought, are phantoms. There are
openings at the northern and southern extremities. In the interior are
vast continents, oceans, mountains and rivers. Vegetable and animal life
are evident in this New World, and it is probably peopled by races unknown
to dwellers on the Earth's surface."
Reed pointed out that the Earth is not a true sphere, but is flattened at
the Poles, or rather it begins to flatten out as one approaches the
hypothetical North and South Pole, which really do not exist because the
openings to its hollow interior occur there. Hence the Poles are really in
midair, in the center of the polar openings and are not on its surface as
would-be discoverers of the Poles suppose.
Reed claims that the Poles cannot be discovered because the Earth is
hollow at its Pole points, which exist in midair, due to the existence
there of polar openings leading to its interior. When explorers thought
they reached the Pole, they were misled by the eccentric behavior of the
compass in high latitudes, north and south. Reed claims that this happened
in the case of Peary and Cook, neither of whom really reached the North
Pole, as we shall see in later pages.
Starting at 70 to 75 degrees north and south latitude the Earth starts to
curve IN. The Pole is simply the outer rim of a magnetic circle around the
polar opening. The North Magnetic Pole, once thought to be a point in the
Arctic Archipelago, has been lately shown by Soviet Arctic explorers to be
a line approximately 1000 miles long. However, as we stated above, instead
of being a straight line it is really a circular line constituting the rim
of the polar opening. When an explorer reaches this rim, he has reached
the North Magnetic Pole; and though the compass will always point to it
after one passes it, it is really not the North Pole even if one is
deluded into thinking it is, or that he discovered the Pole due to having
been misled by his compass. When one reaches this magnetic circle (the rim
of the polar opening), the magnetic needle of the compass points straight
down. This has been observed by many Arctic explorers who, after reaching
high latitudes, near to 90 degrees, were dumbfounded by the inexplicable
action of the compass and its tendency to point vertically upward. They
were then inside the polar opening and the compass pointed to the Earth's
North Magnetic Pole which was along the rim of this opening.
As the Earth turns on its axis, the motion is gyroscopic, like the
spinning of a top. The outer gyroscopic pole is the magnetic circle of the
rim of the polar opening. Beyond the rim the Earth flattens and slopes
gradually toward its hollow interior. The true Pole is the exact center of
the opening at the Poles, which, consequently, do not really exist, and
those who claimed to have discovered them did not tell the truth, even if
they thought they did, having been misled by the irregular action of the
compass at high latitudes. For this reason, neither Cook nor Peary nor any
other explorer ever reached the North or South Poles, and never will.
A very interesting article on the above subject appeared in the March 1962
issue of "Flying Saucers" magazine, written by its editor, Ray Palmer, who
believes that flying saucers come from the hollow interior of the Earth
through its polar openings. The article is entitled, "THE NORTH POLE -
RUSSIAN STYLE. " It describes remarkable discoveries made by Russian
Arctic explorers, which confirm the theory of a hollow earth and polar
openings, as do the observations of Arctic explorers to which we shall
refer below. The article bears the following subtitle:
"More Evidence of Mystery Lands at the Poles - Two Hundred Years of
Exploration Have Given the Russians a New Concept of the Pole and Render
all Previous Geographies Obsolete - Here are Indisputable Geophysical
Facts!"
We shall now quote from this article:
"Many readers will remember the articles we have published giving our
theories that there is something mysterious about each polar area of the
Earth. We have suggested that there is much more "area" at both poles than
it is possible to show on a globe map. We have pointed out Admiral Byrd's
strange flights `beyond' the poles. We have mentioned the case of missing
mountains and different branches of the military discounting the mapping
ability of the other. We have even suggested that the Earth is hollow, and
that giant 2,100 mile openings exist at the poles, and there is much
evidence of the existence of these openings. We have pointed out that
there is a great deal of secrecy and double-talk about the Arctic and
Antarctic areas. We have even suggested that the flying saucers might come
from this mystery area, or from inside the Earth."
"One of the things we have been most insistent about is that no one has
yet been to the North Pole, all claims to having done so being false,
because the Pole is not a `point,' and cannot be `reached' in the accepted
sense of the word.
"We have successfully challenged those military and civilian pilots who
have claimed that they fly `daily' over the North Pole. In the case of the
military flyer we have pointed out the maneuver which is standard, which
automatically makes it impossible for him to fly `beyond' the Pole by
flying straight across it. (That is, across the polar opening, instead of
going into it - Author.) Because of navigating difficulties stemming from
compasses of all kinds."
"A `lost' flier (whose compass doesn't work as it should) regains his
bearings by making a turn in any direction, until his compasses again
resume function. In the case of commercial airlines, whose advertising
boast is that they fly twice daily over the Pole, they are simply
stretching the truth by 2,300 miles. (They simply cross over the magnetic
rim of the polar opening, where the compass registers the highest degree
north, but do not actually reach the North Pole, which is the central
point of the polar opening inside this rim - Author.)
"We have available, in the form of records of several hundred years, in
Russian archives, a history of Arctic exploration which proves our most
important point beyond further question: i.e., that the North Magnetic
Pole is not a point, but (deduce the Russians) a `line' approximately 1000
miles long. Before we go further, we might suggest that we think they are
wrong in this deduction, and that instead of being a line, it is actually
a circle. Because of lack of space to place it on the globe, the Russians
have been forced to compress their observations into a two dimensional
area. They had to squeeze the circle from two sides and make a line out of
it. We'd like to give you now a resume of that single point of Russian
exploration, which actually covers much more than just geomagnetism.
"Here is what the Russians say: Navigators in the high latitudes have
always been troubled by the odd behavior of their magnetic compasses
caused by apparent irregularities and asymmetries in the magnetic field of
the Earth. Early magnetic maps have been drawn on this assumption, based
on hopeful guesses, that the North Magnetic Pole is virtually a point.
Accordingly, it was expected that the compass needle, which dips more
steeply as it approaches the Magnetic Pole, would point straight down, or
very nearly so, at the Magnetic Pole itself. But data from many Russian
and other expeditions showed that the compass needle points straight down,
or nearly so, at the Magnetic Pole itself. But data from many Russian and
other expeditions showed that the compass needle points straight down for
a very long distance across the Arctic Ocean, from a point northwest of
the Taimyr Peninsula to another point in the Arctic Archipelago. This
discovery first inspired the hypothesis that there is a second North
Magnetic Pole, tentatively located at 86 degrees East longitude. More
refined observation has disposed of this idea. The map of the magnetic
field now shows the magnetic meridians running close together in a thick
bunch of lines from the North Magnetic Pole in the Arctic Archipelago to
Siberia.
"The North Magnetic Pole, once thought to be virtually a point in the
Arctic Archipelago, has been shown by recent investigations to extend
across the polar basin to the Taimyr Penninsula in Siberia."
"The `Pole,' magnetically speaking, is a very extended area that crosses
the Polar Basin from one continent to the other. It is at least 1,000
miles long, and more likely can be said to exist as a rather diffused line
for 1,000 miles more. (It is really not a point in the far north, but is
the rim of the polar opening, since after Admiral Byrd passed it and
entered the polar opening leading to the Earth's interior, he left the
Arctic ice and snow behind and entered a warmer territory - Author). Thus
when Admiral Peary (and any other Arctic explorer who used a magnetic
compass) claims to have `reached' the Pole, he is making a very vague
claim indeed. He can only say that he reached a point, which can be
anywhere in a demonstrable 2,000 mile area (the magnetic rim of the polar
opening), where his compass pointed straight down. A noteworthy
achievement, but not a `discovery of the Pole.'
"Since other types of compass, such as the gyroscopic and the inertial
guidance, have equally vague limitations, we make bold to say that nobody
ever reached the Pole, and more, there is not a `Pole' to reach."
"Next, having found themselves stumped to account for the strange behavior
of the compass in the Polar Basin, the theorists have turned to space and
the upper atmosphere and even to the sun for an explanation of what is
happening to their instruments. Now the Pole has become `the interaction
of the magnetic field with charged particles from the sun.'
"More significant are the unfavorable references to former cartographers
whose maps are now `thick clouds congealed in the imagination of
cartographers as land masses.' The Navy, as an example, feels a bit put
out when the Army says their missing South Pole mountains were never
there, because the Army cannot find them by their own confused reckoning
based on a magnetic pole which `isn't there at all.' We find now that new
land areas are `discovered' and old maps tossed out because the lands they
show are not there any more." (This confusion is due to the irregular
action of the compass in the far north due to the fact that the North
Magnetic Pole is not a point as former cartographers supposed, but a
circle around the rim of the polar opening - Author.)
"This brings us to the subject of `mystery lands' of great extent in the
polar areas, which cannot possibly be placed on our globe without
overlapping seriously in impossible ways. Could it be here where the
flying saucers originate?"
It is well known that the North and South Magnetic Poles do not coincide
with the geographical poles, as they should were the Earth a solid sphere,
convex at its poles. The reason why the magnetic and geographical poles
don't coincide is because, while the magnetic pole lies along the rim of
the polar opening, the geographical pole lies in its center, in midair and
not on solid land. As we shall see below, the true magnetic pole is not on
the external rim of the polar opening but the center of the Earth's crust,
which should be about 400 miles below the surface, and running around the
polar opening. For this reason the needle of the compass still continues
to point vertically downward after one passes the rim of the polar opening
and penetrates into it. Only after passing its center would the needle of
the compass start pointing upward instead of downward, but in either case,
after reaching the rim of the polar opening, the compass no longer
functions horizontally, as previously, but vertically. This has been
observed by all Arctic explorers who reached high latitudes and puzzled
them.
The only explanation is provided on the conception of a hollow earth and
polar openings, with the magnetic pole and center of gravity in the middle
of the Earth's crust, and not in its geometrical center. As a result,
ocean water on the inside of the crust adheres to its inner surface just
as it does on the outside. We may calculate the Earth's magnetic pole and
center of gravity as a circular line around the polar opening, but in its
middle, about 400 miles from the Earth's surface.
In support of the above conception regarding the magnetic pole being
situated in the rim of the polar opening, Palmer refers to the following
facts: Between each magnetic pole around the Earth pass magnetic
meridians. In contrast with geographical meridians, which measure
longitude, the magnetic meridians move from east to west and back again.
The difference between the geographical meridians, or true north and
south, and the direction in which a magnetic compass points, or the
magnetic meridian of the place, is called the declination. The first
observation made was in London in 1580 and showed an easterly declination
of 11 degrees. In 1815 the declination reached 24. 3 degrees westerly
maximum. This makes a difference of 35. 3 degrees change in 235 years,
which is equal to 2,118 miles. Now if we make a circle around the Pole,
with a radius of 1,059 miles, so that it is 2,118 miles in diameter, this
would represent the rim of the polar opening along which, in this case,
the North Magnetic Pole traveled from one point to its diametrically
opposite point on the circle, 2,118 miles away, in 235 years.
This is the reason why the magnetic pole and the geographical pole do not
coincide. The geographical pole is an extension of the Earth's axis and
since this runs through the center of the polar opening, it exists in
empty space - hence can never be "discovered" by any explorer, since it is
not on solid land.
According to Marshall Gardner, the rim of the polar opening, which is the
true magnetic pole, is a large circle 1,400 miles in diameter. It is so
large that when explorers pass it, as many did, the slope is so gradual
that they never know they are entering the interior of the Earth, but
imagine they are on the surface. The magnetic pole can therefore be any
point on the circle of the magnetic rim of the polar opening. On this
point, Palmer says:
"The focal point, or the actual `pinpoint' of the magnetic pole exists on
only one portion of the circumference of that circle at a time, and moves
progressively around the circle in a definite `orbit' that takes some 235
years. This would make the magnetic pole travel approximately 18 miles per
year."
"Military and civilian flights `over the Pole' can be made daily without
producing the slightest evidence of the vast hole in the Earth, whose
perimeter they circumscribe, no matter what they ASSUME in their
navigational procedure, due to the original error in assumption that what
they are passing over is a POINT and not a vast CIRCUMFERENCE which they
touch at only one place, and then immediately deviate away from its
natural curve because they are traveling in a straight line."
If the Earth was a solid sphere, with two poles at the end of its axis,
being a magnet, its magnetic poles would coincide with its geographical
poles. The fact that they do not is inexplicable on the basis of the
theory that it is a solid sphere. The explanation becomes clear when we
assume the existence of polar openings, with magnetic poles along the
circular rim of these openings, rather than at a fixed point.
Palmer quotes a significant statement by Russian Arctic explorers who say:
"Exploration and research have shown that an enormous area of the Earth's
surface and correspondingly large realms of the unknown may be brought
within the compass of human understanding in a very few years."
This statement by the Russians sounds remarkably similar to Admiral Byrd's
statements about the trans-Arctic region being "the center of the Great
Unknown." Could it be that the Russians know about Admiral Byrd's
discovery of "a vast new territory" beyond the Pole? Palmer comments on
this Russian statement as follows:
"This is truly a stupendous sentence. Contemplate what it actually says.
It says that not only exploration, but also `research' have shown that
enormous regions of the Earth's surface AND correspondingly (this word is
significant) large realms of the UNKNOWN may be brought within the compass
of UNDERSTANDING of human beings in a very few years. In plain words, in
addition to areas we can understand and investigate by exploration, there
are large realms which have to be brought to human understanding by means
of research."
"Yes, large UNKNOWN and even BEYOND PRESENT UNDERSTANDABILITY areas do
exist, and it `MAY BE' that we will discover and comprehend them in a very
few years. In plain words, in addition to areas we can understand and
investigate by exploration, there are large realms which have to be
brought to human understanding by means of research."
"In the next few sentences (of the Russians) we find that there is much
`prospect for development' in a Polar Basin which, by present concepts, is
nothing but frozen ocean. What is it that is such a great prospect for
development? Ice cubes for our tea? No, there must be very much more
interesting possibilities, the kind of possibilities that entail large
land masses of an unknown area yet to be explored and developed."
Palmer quotes the Russians as saying:
"As recently as 30 years ago more than half the total area of the Polar
Basin was unexplored, and 16 per cent was still terra incognita only 15
years ago. Today, disappointing as this may be to young geographers, the
area of blank spots on the map of the Polar Basin has shrunk to almost
nothing. At the same time, to the regret of the older explorers and the
understandable pleasure of the younger ones, there are still blank spots
elsewhere in the Arctic. The ocean, the air and the ionosphere still hold
many mysteries."
Palmer comments on this Russian statement:
"We learn that the blank spots on the map of the Polar Basin have shrunk
to almost nothing. In the next breath we find that there are still blank
spots ELSEWHERE in the Arctic. Where else? The ocean, the air and the
ionosphere, they say, still hold many mysteries. Particularly the ocean,
in the UNKNOWN extent of which exist vast land masses so far not only
beyond our ability to place on our maps, but beyond our ability to
understand."
"We might say all this is double talk. We might also say secrets are being
kept. But we won't. The fact is that neither is true. It is STRAIGHT talk,
the only kind of talk we can expect from anyone who is trying to tell
something, but cannot because it is, as yet, beyond his understanding. To
say definitely that there are large land masses inside an area commonly
called a `point' is to be faced with a challenge to demonstrate and prove.
Since this cannot be done, the speaker is left rather helpless to do more
than hint vaguely at mysteries."
"It is up to the opponents of the `Mystery Land at the Pole' theory to
disprove it, or prove their own - and their own has been irrevocably
demolished by the scientists and explorers of the two greatest nations on
earth. What we have presented is not a theory - but the cumulative result
of hundreds of years of exploration, culminated by the geophysical year
[1957] which established the information we have given you as the `new
concept of geomagnetism in the Polar Basin.' "
"The mystery is at last coming to the fore, and the scoffers are at last
silenced. Let us all work together to dig out the truth about this mystery
that is so engrossing, and so important to mankind. What is it that exists
at both Poles of the earth, which opens to us new frontiers so vast in
extent and nature as to be beyond present understanding? It may well be
that exploration of space is far less important than the exploration of
our own mysterious planet, which has now suddenly become a `vast realm'
far larger than we ever dreamed it to be."
The theory of a hollow earth with openings at the poles was originated by
William Reed in 1906, when he first presented it in his book, "Phantom of
the Poles." Fourteen years later, in 1920, another American writer,
Marshall B. Gardner, published a book entitled "A Journey to the Earth's
Interior or Have The Poles Really Been Discovered?" Apparently he knew
nothing about Reed's book, since he did not mention it in his
bibliography, which was quite extensive and included most of the important
books on Arctic exploration, which he quoted in support of this theory of
a hollow earth.
Gardner, in his book, presents the same conception of the Earth's
structure as Reed did, claiming that it is hollow, with openings at its
Poles, but he differs from Reed in that he believes in the existence of a
central sun which is the source of the aurora borealis. In the diagrams of
his book, Gardner depicts the Earth as having circular openings at its
poles; and the ocean water, which flows through these openings, adheres to
the solid crust, both above and below, since the center of gravity of the
Earth, according to his theory, resides in the middle of this solid
portion and not in its hollow interior. For this reason, if a ship travels
through the polar opening and reaches the Earth's interior, it would
continue to sail in a reversed position on the inside of the crust, just
as, at night, we are below the Earth's surface held to it by gravity.
Gardner's book, which is now out of print and very rare, seeming to have
met the fate of other writings on this subject by being lost and forgotten
and its message unknown to the world at present, has many interesting
diagrams, some of which we are reproducing. We quote his description of
these diagrams:
"Showing the Earth bisected centrally through the polar openings and at
right angles to the Equator, giving a clear view of the central sun and
interior continents and oceans. (Reproduced from a working model, made by
the author in 1912.)
"The Earth as it would appear if viewed from space, showing the north
polar opening to the Earth's interior, which is hollow and contains a
central sun instead of an ocean of liquid lava."
"Diagram showing the Earth as a hollow sphere with its polar openings and
central sun. The letters at the top and bottom of the diagram indicate the
various steps of an imaginary journey through the planet's interior. At
the point marked `D' we catch our first glimpse of the corona of the
central sun. At the point marked `E' we can see the central sun in its
entirety."
Gravitational pull is strongest around the curve from the exterior to the
interior of the Earth. A 150 pound man would probably weigh 300 pounds
while sailing through the polar opening and around the curve from the
outside to the inside of the Earth. When he reached the inside he would
weigh only 75 pounds. This is because less force is needed to hold a body
to the inside of a hollow ball in rotation than to hold it to the outside,
due to centrifugal force.
William Reed says that gravitational pull is strongest about half way
around the curve leading to the interior of the Earth, where is the center
of gravity, being so strong there that the salt water and fresh water of
icebergs (which, as we shall see below, come from the Earth's interior) do
not mix. The salt water remains a few feet below the fresh water. This
enables one to obtain fresh drinking water from the Arctic Ocean. But how
can fresh water be found in the extreme north, where there is only salty
ocean water, and how can icebergs be formed of fresh water, not salt
water? The only explanation, as both Reed and Gardner point out, and as we
shall see below, is that this fresh water comes from rivers that arose in
the Earth's warmer interior, which, after they reach the colder surface,
suddenly freeze and turn into icebergs, which break off and fall into the
sea, producing the strange tidal waves that Arctic explorers have observed
in the far north, and which puzzled them.
Both Reed and Gardner claim that the temperature in the inside of the
Earth is much more uniform than on the outside, being warmer in winter and
cooler in summer. There is adequate rainfall, more than on the surface,
but it is never cold enough to snow. It is an ideal subtropical climate,
which is free from the oppressive heat of the tropics, as well as from the
cold weather of the temperate zone. They also claim that the north polar
opening is larger than the south. They say that there exists a Land of
Paradise on the other side of the Mammoth Ice Barrier, which must be
passed before one reaches a warmer climate in the land that lies beyond
the Pole, over which Admiral Byrd flew.
Around the curve at the polar opening is another ring of ice, called the
Great Massive Fresh Water Ice Pack or Ice Barrier. Here is where icebergs
originate. Each winter, this ring of ice is formed from fresh water which
flows out from the inside of the Earth. During the winter months, billions
of tons of free-flowing fresh water, coming from rivers inside the Earth
and flowing toward the outside through the polar openings, freeze at their
mouth and form mountains of fresh water ice, whose presence in this region
would be inexplicable if the Earth was a solid sphere. In summer time,
huge icebergs, miles long, break off and float to the outside of the
Earth. They are composed of fresh water, when there could exist only salt
water at the poles. Since this is the case and since all water on the
outside of the Earth in these regions is salty, the fresh water of which
these icebergs are composed must come from its interior.
Inside the icebergs, the mammoth and other huge tropical animals, believed
to be of prehistoric origin because never seen on the Earth's surface,
have been found in a perfect state of preservation. Some of them have been
found to have green vegetation in their mouths and stomachs at the time
they were suddenly frozen. The usual explanation is that these are
prehistoric animals which lived in the Arctic region at the time when it
had a tropical climate, and that the coming of the Ice Age, suddenly
converted the Arctic from a tropical to a frigid zone and froze them
before they had time to flee southward. The great ivory deposits from
elephants, found in Siberia and islands of the north, are also explained
in this way. Gardner, however, holds to an entirely different theory,
which was supported by the observations of Admiral Byrd of a huge
mammoth-like creature in the "land beyond the Pole," which he discovered.
Gardner claims that mammoths are really animals now inhabiting the
interior of the Earth, which have been carried to the surface by rivers
and frozen inside of the ice that formed when the rivers reached the
surface, forming glaciers and icebergs.
In Siberia, along the Lena River, there lie exposed on the soil and buried
within it, the bones and tusks of millions of mammoths and mastadons. The
consensus of scientific opinion is that they are prehistoric remains, and
that the mammoth existed some 20,000 years ago, but was wiped out in the
unknown catastrophe we now call the last Ice Age.
It was Schumachoff, a fisherman living in Tongoose, Siberia, who, in 1799,
first discovered a complete mammoth frozen in a clear block of ice.
Hacking it free, he removed its huge tusks and left the carcass of fresh
meat to be devoured by wolves. Later an expedition was sent to examine it,
and today its skeleton may be seen in the Museum of Natural History in
Leningrad.
Polar explorers not only mention fauna (animals) but flora (vegetation) in
the extreme north. Also many animals, like the musk-ox, strangely migrate
northward in winter, which it would do only if it reached a warmer land
there. Repeatedly, Arctic explorers have observed bears heading northward
into an area where there cannot be food for them if there was no polar
opening into a warmer region. Foxes also were found north of the 80th
parallel heading north, obviously well fed. Without exception, Arctic
explorers agree that, strangely, the further north one goes, after a
certain latitude, the warmer it gets.
Invariably, a north wind brings warmer weather. Coniferous trees were
found drifting ashore, coming from the far north. Butterflies and bees
were found in the far north, and even mosquitoes, but they are not found
hundreds of miles to the south and not until Canadian and Alaskan climate
areas conducive to such insect life are reached.
Unknown varieties of flowers were also found in the extreme north. Birds
resembling snipe, but unlike any known species of bird, were seen to come
from the north, and to return there. Hare are plentiful in a far northern
area where no vegetation grows but where vegetable matter is found in
drifting debris from the more northern open waters.
Eskimo tribes have left unmistakable traces of their migration by their
temporary camps, always advancing northward Southern Eskimos speak of
tribes that live in the far north. They hold the belief that their
ancestors came from a land of paradise in the extreme north.
In New Zealand and lower South America are found identical fauna and flora
which could not have migrated from one of these places to the other. The
only explanation is that they came from a common motherland - the
Antarctic continent. Yet how could they come from there if it is a frozen
waste where only penguins seem able to survive? "Only Admiral Byrd's
'mystery land' can account for these inexplicable facts and migrations,"
concludes Palmer.
Many Arctic explorers, after passing the ring of ice around the curve
leading to the Earth's interior, continued straight north until they
crossed this ice barrier. Many entered the opening leading to the interior
but did not know it and thought they were still on the outer surface. The
reason for this is that the opening is so large that one cannot know the
difference except that the sun rises later and sets sooner, its rays being
cut off by the rim of the polar opening after one enters it. This has been
observed by all Arctic explorers who went sufficiently north. The polar
opening is believed by Gardner to be 1,400 miles in diameter.
Once they were inside the Earth, explorers entered a New World where they
found things opposite to what they expected. The needle of the compass
pointed vertically instead of horizontally as it did before, due to the
fact that the true magnetic pole is located in the middle of the curve
leading from the outside to the inside of the earth. The further north
they went, the warmer it became. The ice of Arctic regions further south
disappeared and was replaced by open sea (Admiral Byrd found a total
absence of ice and snow in the "land beyond the Pole" over which he passed
for 1,700 miles.)
As explorers sailed further north, the north winds became warmer and
warmer. The weather was mild and pleasant. Often the dust, carried by the
wind, was unbearable. Some explorers, like Nansen, had to turn back due to
the dust. Where could this dust come from in the extreme north, a land of
ice and ocean? Reed and Gardner explain the origin of this dust, often
noticed by Arctic explorers, to volcanoes inside the polar opening leading
to the interior of the Earth. It would be impossible to expect volcanoes
in the Arctic, except if they were inside the polar opening.
On August 3, 1894, Dr. Fritjof-Nansen, an Arctic explorer, in the far
north, was surprised at the warm weather there and the fox tracks he
found. He was probably inside the polar opening then. His compass utterly
failed to work, so that he did not know where he was. The further into the
opening he went, the warmer it became. It he went still further he would
have seen tropical birds, as other explorers did, as well as other animals
not seen on the Earth's surface, as the mammoth that Admiral Byrd observed
when he looked down from his plane, during his 1,700 mile flight over this
mysterious ice-free Arctic area.
Ray Palmer writes:
"The musk-ox, contrary to expectations, migrates north in the wintertime.
Repeatedly, Arctic explorers have observed bears heading north into an
area where there cannot be food for them. Foxes also are found north of
the 80th parallel, heading north, obviously well fed. Without exception,
Arctic explorers agree that the further north one goes, the warmer it
gets. Invariably a north wind brings warmer weather. Coniferous trees
drift ashore from out of the north. Butterflies and bees are found in the
far north, but never hundreds of miles further south; not until Canadian
and Alaskan climate areas conducive to such insect life are reached."
"Unknown varieties of flowers are found. Birds resembling snipe, but
unlike any known species of bird, come out of the north, and return there.
Hare are plentiful in an area where no vegetation ever grows, but where
vegetation appears as drifting debris from the northern open water. Eskimo
tribes, migrating northward, have left unmistakable traces of their
migration in their temporary camps, always advancing northward. Southern
Eskimos themselves speak of tribes that live in the far north. The Ross
gull, common at Point Barrow, migrates in October toward the North. Only
Admiral Byrd's 'mystery land' can account for these inexplicable facts and
migrations."
The Scandinavian legend of a land of paradise in the far north, known as
"Ultima Thule," commonly confused with Greenland, is significant because,
centuries before Admiral Byrd's flight, the existence of such an ice-free
land in the northern limits of the Earth was anticipated.
Palmer writes:
"The Scandinavian legend of a wonderful land far to the north called
"Ultima Thule" (commonly confused with Greenland) is significant when
studied in detail, because of its remarkable resemblance to the kind of
land seen by Byrd, and its remarkable far north location. To assume that
Ultima Thule is Greenland is to come face to lace with the contradiction
of the Greenland Ice Cap, which fills the entire Greenland basin to the
depth of 10,000 feet. Is Admiral Byrd's land of mystery, the center of the
great unknown, the same as the Ultima Thule of the Scandinavian legends?"
"There are mysteries concerning the Antarctic also. Perhaps the greatest
is the highly technical one of biology itself; for on the New Zealand and
South American land masses are identical fauna and flora which could not
have migrated from one to the other, but rather are believed to have come
from a common motherland. That motherland is believed to be the Antarctic
Continent. But on a more popular level is the case of the sailing vessel
`Gladys,' captained by F. B. Hatfield in 1893. The ship was completely
surrounded by icebergs at 43 degrees south and 33 degrees west. At this
latitude an iceberg was observed which bore a large quantity of sand and
earth, and which revealed a beaten track, a place of refuge formed in a
sheltered nook, and the bodies of five dead men who lay on different parts
of the berg. Bad weather prevented any attempts at further investigation."
"An unanimous consensus of opinion among scientists is that one thing
peculiar to the Antarctic is that there are no human tribes living upon
it. Also investigation showed that no vessel was lost in the Antarctic at
the time, so that these men could not be shipwrecked sailors. Could it be
that these men who died on the berg came from `that mysterious land beyond
the South Pole' discovered by the Byrd expedition? Had they ventured out
of their warm, habitable land and lost their way along the ice shelf,
finally to be drifted to their deaths at sea on a portion o! it, broken
away to become an iceberg while they were on it?"
Another American writer on the subject of the Earth being hollow, named
Theodore Fitch, referring to the ice barriers that must be crossed before
one can enter the polar openings leading to the Earth's interior, asks:
"Why can't we fly over these huge ice barriers or make roads and travel
overland over them to the inside of the Earth?" He sees no reason why this
cannot be done, even though he, like most other Americans, was in total
ignorance of the fact that Admiral Byrd flew over these ice barriers some
years before, and had entered this new territory. Fitch believes that once
these facts are made public, every large nation would try to establish a
foothold in this New World, whose land area is greater than that on the
Earth's surface and which is free from radioactive fallout to poison its
soil and foods.
This New World could more easily be reached than the moon and is of much
more importance to us, since it provides ideal conditions for human life,
with a better climate than exists on the surface. Fitch calls it a Land of
Paradise, and believes it is the true geographical location of Paradise, a
wonderful land referred to in the religious writings of all peoples.
It seems that the Russians are now doing what Fitch suggested by sending
fleets of icebreakers, some atomic-powered, to explore the far north. The
next step will be for the Russians to repeat Admiral Byrd's flight through
the polar opening to the "land beyond the Pole."
Fitch's book is entitled "Our Paradise Inside the Earth." He based it on
the works of Reed and Gardner. He mentioned that during the last century a
sea captain, who traveled due north, curved inward into the interior of
the Earth, though he thought he was heading toward the North Pole.
Fitch writes:
"Both William Reed and Marshall Gardner declare that there must be a land
of paradise on the other side of the mammoth ice barrier. Both men are of
the opinion that a race of little brown people live in the interior of the
Earth. It is possible that the Eskimos descended from these people."
"Most explorers have sailed straight north until they went around the 800
mile curve at the polar opening. Not one of them knew they were on the
inside of the Earth. These explorers found things exactly opposite from
what they expected. As they sailed north, the north winds became warmer
and warmer. Except for strong dusty warm winds once in a while, the
weather was mild and pleasant. Except for icebergs from the interior, the
sea was open and sailing good (Reed and Gardner explain this strange dust
found in the very far north and which darkens the snow on which it falls,
as we have pointed out above, as coming from active volcanoes inside the
polar opening. This seems to be the only possible explanation - Author).
"They saw countless square miles of good land. The further north they
went, the more grass, flowers, bushes, trees and other green vegetation
they saw. One explorer wrote that his men gathered eight different kinds
of flowers. They also reported that they saw sloping hills covered with
green vegetation. (These observations were confirmed by Admiral Byrd, who,
during his 1,700 mile flight over this iceless territory, saw trees,
vegetation, mountains, lakes and animal life. - Author.)
"Another writer said he saw all kinds of warm weather animals and millions
of tropical birds. They were so thick that a blind man could bring down
one or more birds with one shot. The lovely scenery of both sky and land
was more magnificent than anything ever seen on the exterior of the Earth.
Each explorer wrote about the majesty of the aurora borealis or Northern
Lights. It is claimed that the Northern Lights really result from the
light of the central sun inside the Earth shining through the opening at
the North Pole. "
Fitch points out that the hollow interior of the earth has a land area
larger than the outer surface because while 75 per cent of the earth's
surface is covered with water, leaving only 55 million square miles of
land surface, the total surface of the earth is 197 million square miles.
Fitch claims that there are no oceans in the interior comparable in size
with those on the surface, and that there is three times as much land
inside the earth as on the outside, so that in spite of the smaller
circumference and less total area of the interior, its land area is
greater.
Fitch says that it has a better and healthier climate than we have on the
surface, without cold winters, hurricanes, earthquakes, electric storms,
cyclones, radioactive fallout, nefarious cosmic rays, radioactive solar
radiations, soil erosion from excessive rainfall and other disadvantages.
It has an ideal subtropical climate.
Another American writer who was much influenced by the theories of Reed
and Gardner is William L. Blessing who published a booklet on the subject
in which he reproduced their diagrams of the Earth's structure. Blessing
wrote:
"The Earth is not a true sphere. It is flat at the poles, or, I should
say, it begins to flatten out at the poles. The pole is simply the outer
rim of a magnetic circle, and at this point the magnetic needle of the
compass points down. As the earth turns on its axis, the motion is
gyroscopic. The outer gyroscopic pole is the magnetic rim of a circle.
Beyond the rim the Earth flattens and slopes gradually like a canyon into
the interior. The true pole in the exact center of the cone is
perpendicular, for this point is the exact center of the opening or hollow
into the Earth's interior."
"The old idea that the Earth was once a solid or molten mass and that at
the center is composed of molten iron must be discarded. Since the shell
of the Earth is about 800 miles thick, that would mean that the molten
iron core would be more than 7,OOO miles in diameter and 21,000 miles in
circumference. Impossible."
"Likewise, the old idea that the deeper into the Earth the hotter it
becomes must also be discarded. It is radium and radioactivity that
produce the heat in the earth. All surface rocks contain minute particles
of radium."
One of the most puzzling facts of Arctic exploration is that while the
area is oceanic, covered with water, which is variously frozen over or
partially open, depending on the time of the year, many explorers
remarked, however, paradoxically, that the open water exists in greater
measure at the points nearest to the Pole, while further south there is
more ice. In fact, some explorers found it very hot going at times, and
were forced to shed their Arctic clothing. There is even one record of an
encounter with naked Eskimos. In fact, the origin of the Eskimo race is
believed to be in the extreme north, from where they migrated southward to
their present habitat. Their original more northern home was probably
warmer than their present more southern one.
It is strange that Reed's and Gardner's books, which presented such an
epoch-making geographical theory, which they supported by the evidence of
Arctic exploration during the past century - a theory comparable in
importance to the theory that the Earth is round, when it was first
proposed - should have been so disregarded (or were they suppressed?), so
that today they are unavailable and very rare. (It was the author's good
fortune to secure a copy of Gardner's book from a bookdealer handling rare
books.) Is it possible that these books shared the fate of the news about
Admiral Byrd's discoveries, Giannini's book and Palmer's magazine
announcing Byrd's confirmation of Reed's and Gardner's theory of a hollow
Earth with openings at the poles? (A correspondent of the author's,
living in Washington, D.C., wrote that he happened to look through the
books in the library of a high official of the Air Force, with whom he had
business, and, much to his surprise, he saw a copy of Gardner's book.)
Evidently Gardner's theory of a hollow Earth is not unknown to government
and military leaders in view of Admiral Byrd having confirmed it; but it
is hushed up and not openly discussed.
Fitch asks those who do not believe that the Earth is hollow, with
openings at its poles, to answer the following questions:
"Can you produce proof that any explorer reached the so-called North or
South Pole?"
"If there is no such thing as 83 to 90 degrees latitude ON the Earth, then
how can one reach or fly over the North Pole?"
"If the Earth is not hollow, then why does the north wind in the Arctic
get warmer as one sails north beyond 70 degrees latitude?"
"Why are there warm northerly winds and an open sea for hundreds of miles
north of 82 degrees latitude?"
"After 82 degrees latitude is reached, why is the needle of a compass
always agitated, restless and balky?"
"If the Earth is not hollow, then why do the warm northerly winds
mentioned above carry more dust than any wind on earth?"
"If no rivers are flowing from the inside to the outside, then why are all
ice-bergs composed of fresh water?"
"Why does one find tropical seeds, plants and trees floating in the fresh
water of these icebergs?"
"If not all the fresh water icebergs positively do not come from any place
ON earth, as would be impossible unless we assume the existence of rivers
flowing from the inside to the outside, then where do they come from?"
"If the inside of the Earth is not warm, why do millions of tropical birds
and animals go further north in the winter time?"
"Why does the wind from the north carry more pollen and blossoms than any
wind on the exterior?"
"If it is not hollow and warm inside the Earth, then why does colored
pollen color the snow for thousands of square miles?"
"Could it be that pollen from millions of acres and colored flowers causes
the snow to be red, pink, yellow, blue, etc.?"